Final+2+Study+Guide

=__Previous Quizzes and Tests__=

__Momentum__

__ **Unit 5: Momentum** __

1) Check your understanding of the following concepts:
 * What is momentum?
 * How do you calculate momentum?
 * What are the units of momentum?
 * What is impulse?
 * Explain the conservation of momentum.
 * Elastic and inelastic collisions
 * Conservation of Momentum in two dimensions

1) This was one of our last very mathematical units, so although you won't need to calculate anything, make sure you know what the equations look like and how you might use them. For example, know the Conservation of Momentum equation if it's solved for mass, etc.

2) Make sure you know about impulse and elastic/inelastic collisions. What are they? What are some examples?

3) Expect this section to have more equation/mathy questions than the others.

__Rotational Motion__

1) Check your understanding of the following concepts:
 * Examples of rotational motion
 * Converting linear motion equations into rotational motion equations. (think of the change in variables)
 * Understand concepts like centrifugal force, centripetal force/acceleration, angular velocity/acceleration and tangential velocity/acceleration
 * Understand the Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum. Why do ice-skaters spin faster when they bring their arms in? Why are galaxies shaped like a fried egg when viewed from the side?
 * How can spinning something create artificial gravity?
 * If you put a penny on a record player, how fast do you need to spin the record to get the penny to fly off? Know the forces involved in those types of questions.
 * This is also a fairly mathematical unit, so know what the equations look like and how you use them

1) This unit was largely about taking our linear motion equations and converting them to a circular system, so be familiar with the variable swaps.

2) Centrifugal force was another major concept, so know what it is, what affects it, and what part it plays in problems like the penny and the record. What forces are equal when the penny flies off?

3) If a planet rotates once every 35.3 days, what is it's angular velocity? If you are given a radius, what's its tangential velocity?

4) If you're spinning a ball on a string how can you calculate the tension in the string or the direction the ball goes flying off when the string snaps? What variables would you need to be given?

__Harmonic Motion__

1) Check your understanding of the following concepts:
 * What are oscillations, vibrations, harmonic motion, etc?
 * There was a decent amount of vocabulary. Know it!
 * Why can we use circular motion variables and concepts for oscillating systems that aren't rotating?
 * Hooke's Law and how you could calculate the k value for a spring
 * What forces are involved in damping the motion of springs and pendulum (and other systems)
 * What things affect the frequency/period of a spring-mass system and a pendulum?
 * Know how to graph harmonic motion (looks like a transverse wave) and where the equilibrium points are
 * What are the forces involved in pendulum motion? Which direction do they point?

1) Nothing oscillates forever, so know what the damping forces are in a variety of situations. Don't memorize, just think logically.

2) We spent some time thinking about the effects of centrifugal force on harmonic motion. What affect does the rotation of the Earth affect the frequency or period of different systems?

3) What do graphs of harmonic motion look like? What do they look like if the system dampens?

4) Be familiar with the physics of spring-mass systems and pendulum systems. Why do they work the way they do, what equations describe them, what forces dampen them?

__Waves and the Doppler Effect__

1) Check your understanding of the following concepts:
 * What are the two types of waves and what are their characteristics? Examples of both.
 * All vocabulary terms
 * What are the four things a wave can do when the medium changes? Examples of each.
 * Understand standing waves, harmonics, and resonance.
 * How does the length of a confined space (resonating chamber) affect the frequency/wavelength of the allowable waves?
 * Know the relationship between nodes/antinodes and the number of waves present
 * Constructive and destructive interference and how it affects amplitude of the superimposed wave
 * Understand the physics behind noise-canceling headphones and using sound to shatter a wine glass
 * How do we use the wave speed equation to explain all sorts of phenomenon? For example, helium voices, slide whistles, pressing trumpet keys, guitar string notes, etc?
 * How do you graph a superimposed wave?
 * What creates beats?
 * What is the Doppler effect and how does it apply to sound waves and light waves?
 * How do we use the Doppler effect to determine the relative motion of stars and planets?
 * The wave/particle duality of light and the double slit experiment

1) This was a very conceptual unit without a lot of equations but be able to use the wave speed equation to explain all sorts of sound/light wave phenomena.

2) Understand the Doppler effect and which +/- sign would be used when a certain situation is described.

3) Be very familiar with the concept of whole-number wavelengths resonating in confined spaces and how you would express all the possible frequencies mathematically (with an n).

4) I guess what I'm saying is just be super smart.

__ **Unit 9: Electrostatic Forces** __

1) Check your understanding of the following concepts:


 * How does the Van de Graf generator work? Why were people experiencing different intensities of shocks?
 * What are electric fields and what causes them?
 * How Coulumb's Law works and how forces and charges are related
 * How does lightning form?!
 * Why can atoms never touch?
 * The principles of electrostatic levitation and what forces are involved in levitating an object electrostatically.
 * The concepts of volume charge density and surface charge density. How can you figure out the number of electrons if given a certain charge density.

1) This was a fairly mathematical unit so be prepared to know how the equations work and which forces are set equal to each other in different circumstances.

2) Review the videos if you're foggy on the van de graf or how lightning forms. We saw several videos that are still on the unit page.

3) Really understand how to calculate surface and volume charge densities and how you use that information in other equations.